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A NEW COVENANT WITH ISRAEL. Hebrews 8:7-13. 11/12/2023. #24.
7 For if that first covenant had been faultless, then no place would have been sought for a second. 8 Because finding fault with them, He says: “Behold, the days are coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah— 9 not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they did not continue in My covenant, and I disregarded them, says the Lord. 10 For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says the Lord: I will put My laws in their mind and write them on their hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people. 11 None of them shall teach his neighbor, and none his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’ for all shall know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them. 12 For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their lawless deeds I will remember no more.” 13 In that He says, “A new covenant,” He has made the first obsolete. Now what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away.
1. Second Covenant to Israel and Judah
a. The second covenant with Israel and Judah was necessary because the first covenant was flawed
a1. The Law was perfect
a2. The covenant had no provision to pay for and remove the guilt of sins
a3. Israel rebelled against God and His covenant
b. God set aside the old covenant to make a new one
a1. He disregarded (“no longer cared about”, neglected, rejected, abandoned) those who rebelled against Him (led out of Egypt)
a2. With the coming of the new covenant, the old covenant was abandoned as obsolete
c. God replaced the old covenant with a new one to Israel and Judah (different from church’s, but related to it)
2. The 2nd Covenant to Israel = different than church covenant
a. Romans 11:11-27 Israel was taken out of the olive tree (covenant) so the Gentiles would be grafted in
a1. Israel will be again grafted in
a2. When the Gentile (wild olive branches) are taken out (Rapture), Israel will be re-grafted
b. The New Covenant had certain provisions
a1. Believe on Jesus to receive eternal life
a2. Ephesians 1:13-14 the permanent indwelling of the Holy Spirit
a3. Romans 8:30 justification, sanctification, and glorification of the believer
c. The 2nd Covenant to Israel and Judah = different provisions
a1. God will put His Law on their hearts
a2. Will not have to learn about God
a3. Knowledge of God will be fused in them
a4. Isr. will no longer rebel against God
a5. Israel will be God’s people
a6. God will show mercy to their ungodliness
a7. He will remember their sins no more
d. Other provisions to Israel and Judah:
a1. Jeremiah 31:31-34 they will have their kingdom
a2. Revelation 21 Christ will rule from Jerusalem
a3. Zechariah 8:23 they will be blessed of the Lord
3. 2nd Covenant tied to the New Covenant
a. Zechariah 12:10 in that Day (during the Tribulation), Israel will gaze upon the One they had pierced (the crucifixion of Jesus) and mourn for Him as an only son
b. Daniel 9:27 after the Antichrist breaks the treaty with Israel, the nation turns to Christ as the Messiah who their ancestors had rejected
c. Belatedly, Israel comes to the Lord and so a 2nd covenant is established with the nation, leading to the establishment of their Mill. kingdom (Jeremiah 31)
d. The preparation of the end time events is underway
a1. Ezekiel 20:33-38 God will gather His people back to the land in preparation for judgment
a2. Matthew 25 after the judgment of the nations (Joel 3), Christ sets up His kingdom with believing Israel and Judah at the center
e. Matthew 25 as the church age saints rule during the Millennium in their glorified bodies, Israel serves the Lord in the Promised Land
f. As believers we take comfort in our salvation
a1. The Lord has chosen us and we are spared the horrors of unbelief and the Tribulation
a2. We entered eternal life with no Law ties
Key Verse: Romans 11:11-27
11 I say then, have they stumbled that they should fall? Certainly not! But through their fall, to provoke them to jealousy, salvation has come to the Gentiles. 12 Now if their fall is riches for the world, and their failure riches for the Gentiles, how much more their fullness! 13 For I speak to you Gentiles; inasmuch as I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, 14 if by any means I may provoke to jealousy those who are my flesh and save some of them. 15 For if their being cast away is the reconciling of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead? 16 For if the first fruit is holy, the lump is also holy; and if the root is holy, so are the branches. 17 And if some of the branches were broken off, and you, being a wild olive tree, were grafted in among them, and with them became a partaker of the root and fatness of the olive tree, 18 do not boast against the branches. But if you do boast, remember that you do not support the root, but the root supports you. 19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off that I might be grafted in.” 20 Well said. Because of unbelief they were broken off, and you stand by faith. Do not be haughty, but fear. 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, He may not spare you either. 22 Therefore consider the goodness and severity of God: on those who fell, severity; but toward you, goodness, if you continue in His goodness. Otherwise you also will be cut off. 23 And they also, if they do not continue in unbelief, will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again. 24 For if you were cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and were grafted contrary to nature into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these, who are natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree? 25 For I do not desire, brethren, that you should be ignorant of this mystery, lest you should be wise in your own opinion, that blindness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And so all Israel will be saved, as it is written:
“The Deliverer will come out of Zion,
And He will turn away ungodliness from Jacob;
27 For this is My covenant with them, When I take away their sins.”